惟聖人可以踐形

PART 1

PRELIMINARY

第一節 總則

Short title 法律簡稱

1. This Act is the Arbitration Act 2001.   本法是《2001年仲裁法》。

Interpretation 釋義

2.—(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires —

在本法中，除非文意另有所指——

“appellate court” means the court to which an appeal from a decision of the Court is to be made under section 29C of the Supreme Court of Judicature Act 1969;   

“上訴法院”是指受理根據《1969年司法系統最高法院法》第29C條針對高等法院裁決提出的上訴的法院；

【要點解析】

我們在《法律英語：語句翻譯點睛》（元照出版有限公司，2021年11月初版）講解過英語名詞的特定化問題：普通名詞首字母大寫可用於表示特指的專有名詞。此處the Court顯然並非泛指一般的法院。需要根據下文判斷其具體所指。原文提到另一部法律的條文，為了更好地理解這項定義，我們應當查閱其具體規定。

Court to which appeal is to be made

29C.—(1)Subject to subsection (2), an appeal against a decision of the General Division in the exercise of its original or appellate civil jurisdiction, whether under this Act or any other written law, is to be made to the Appellate Division.

[40/2019]

(2)An appeal against a decision of the General Division is to be made to the Court of Appeal if the Sixth Schedule or any other written law so provides.

[40/2019]

(3)To avoid doubt, this section does not create any right of appeal against a decision of the General Division.

[40/2019]

原文網址：https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/SCJA1969?ProvIds=pr29C-#pr29C-

【第29C條參考譯文】

受理上訴的法院

29C. —(1) 凡不服普通分庭在行使其本原管轄權或上訴民事管轄權過程中作出的決定，應根據本法或任何其他成文法，向上訴法庭提起上訴，但不得違反第(2)款的規定。

[40/2019]

(2) 如果附則六或任何其他成文法規定，不服普通分庭的決定，應向上訴法院提起上訴，則應依照其規定提起上訴。

[40/2019]

(3) 為免生疑問，本條並不創設任何針對普通分庭的決定提起上訴的權利。

[40/2019]

原文中the General Division和the Appellate Division是指the General Division and the Appellate Division of the High Court，即高等法院的普通分庭和上訴分庭。the High Court是指新加坡最高法院之下的高等法院。凡不服新加坡地區法院和治安法院就刑事或民事案件作出的決定，可向高等法院提起上訴。另外，凡不服審裁院（tribunals）作出的裁決，亦可向高等法院提起上訴。參見：https://www.judiciary.gov.sg/who-we-are/role-structure-supreme-court

“appointing authority” means the appointing authority designated under section 13(8) or (9);  

“委任機關”是指根據第13條第(8)款或第13條第(9)款指定的委任機關；

“arbitral tribunal” means a sole arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators or an arbitral institution, and includes an emergency arbitrator appointed pursuant to the rules of arbitration agreed to or adopted by the parties including the rules of arbitration of an institution or organisation;

“仲裁庭”是指獨任仲裁員或由若干仲裁員組成的合議組織或仲裁機構，包括按照雙方當事人約定或採納的仲裁規則（其中包括某一機構或組織的仲裁規則）委任的一位緊急仲裁員；

“arbitration agreement” means an arbitration agreement mentioned in section 4;  

“仲裁協議”是指第4條中所稱的仲裁協議。

“award” means a decision of the arbitral tribunal on the substance of the dispute and includes any interim, interlocutory or partial award but excludes any order or direction made under section 28;

“仲裁裁決”是指仲裁庭對爭議的實質部分作出的決定，包括臨時裁決，中間裁決或部分裁決，但不包括根據第28條發佈的命令或指示；

“Court” means the General Division of the High Court; 

“高等法院”是指新加坡高等法院普通分庭；

“court”, in sections 6, 7, 8, 11(1), 55, 56 and 57, means the Court, a District Court, a Magistrate’s Court or any other court in which the proceedings mentioned in those sections are instituted or heard; 

第6條、第7條、第8條、第11條第(1)款、第55條、第56條和第57條中所稱“法院”是指高等法院、區法院、治安法院或者可以向其提起或可以由其審理前述各該條文中所稱法律程序的任何其他法院；

“party” means a party to an arbitration agreement or, in any case where an arbitration does not involve all of the parties to the arbitration agreement, means a party to the arbitration;

“當事人”是指仲裁協議的一方當事人，或者在仲裁不牽涉到仲裁協議所有當事人的情況下，“當事人”是指仲裁的某一方當事人；

“the place of the arbitration” means the juridical seat of the arbitration designated by —

(a)   the parties to the arbitration agreement;

(b)  any arbitral or other institution or person authorised by the parties for that purpose; or

(c)   the arbitral tribunal as authorised by the parties,

or determined, in the absence of such designation, having regard to the arbitration agreement and all the relevant circumstances.

[26/2009; 12/2012; 40/2019]

【要點解析】

原文的語句主幹是“the place of the arbitration” means the juridical seat of the arbitration。其中的賓語the juridical seat of the arbitration有兩個過去分詞定語：designated和determined。

最後一段文字“or determined, in the absence of such designation, having regard to the arbitration agreement and all the relevant circumstances”除過去分詞定語determined外，主要是狀語。由於中英文句子結構不同，為使譯文通順，必須適當補足內容。

“仲裁地”是指由以下各方指定的司法意義上的仲裁地：

(a)   仲裁協議的雙方當事人；

(b)  經雙方當事人專門授權的仲裁機構或其他機構或個人；或者

(c)   仲裁庭按照雙方當事人的授權，

或者，如果以上各方沒有作出指定，則“仲裁地”是指在考慮仲裁協議和所有相關情況後所確定的司法意義上的仲裁地。

(2) Where any provision in this Act allows the parties to determine any issue, the parties may authorise a third party, including an arbitral institution, to make that determination.

凡本法的條文允許雙方當事人決定任何事宜，則雙方當事人可以授權包括仲裁機構在內的第三方決定該事宜。

(3) Where any provision in this Act refers to the fact that the parties have agreed or that they may agree or in any other way refers to an agreement of the parties, such agreement includes any arbitration rules incorporated in that agreement.

凡本法的條文提述雙方當事人已經達成或可能達成協議的事實，或者不論以其他何種方式提述雙方當事人達成的某一協議，則該協議包含被訂入該協議的仲裁規則。

(4) Where any provision in this Act refers to a claim, it also applies to a cross claim or counterclaim, and where such provision refers to a defence, it also applies to a defence to such cross claim or counterclaim. 

凡本法的條文稱述權利請求，亦指交叉請求或反請求；凡本法的條文稱述抗辯，亦指針對該交叉請求或反請求的抗辯。

Application of this Act本法的適用

3. This Act applies to any arbitration where the place of arbitration is Singapore and where Part 2 of the International Arbitration Act 1994 does not apply to that arbitration.

凡仲裁地在新加坡和不適用《1994年國際仲裁法》第二節之仲裁均適用本法之規定。